How to Clean a Dog’s Teeth

The Importance of Cleaning Your Dog's Teeth

Maintaining good oral hygiene for your furry companion is crucial for their overall health and well-being. Just like humans, dogs can suffer from dental problems such as plaque buildup, tartar accumulation, gum disease (periodontal disease), and even tooth loss if their teeth are not properly cared for. Follow our guide for tips on how to clean a dog’s teeth at home.

Poor dental hygiene in dogs can lead to a range of issues, including:

• Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease): Plaque and tartar buildup on the teeth can cause inflammation and infection of the gums³, leading to painful gum disease. If left untreated, this can progress to tooth loss and even systemic infections that can affect other organs³.

• Bad Breath: Bacteria and food particles trapped in your dog's mouth can cause an unpleasant odor, often referred to as "doggy breath."

• Tooth Decay: In addition to gum disease, severe tooth decay can also lead to tooth loss, making it difficult for your dog to chew and eat properly.

• Health Issues: Poor oral health has been linked to various health problems in dogs, such as heart disease, kidney disease, and liver issues². The bacteria from infected gums can enter the bloodstream and affect other parts of the body².

Regular cleaning and care can help to maintain healthy teeth, reducing the need for costly dental procedures or extractions later in life. Maintaining your dog's dental health is an essential aspect of responsible pet ownership. By establishing a regular teeth cleaning routine and addressing any dental issues promptly, you can help ensure a happy, healthy, and comfortable life for your furry friend.

How Often Should You Clean Your Dog's Teeth?

Knowing how often to clean a dog's teeth depends on several factors, including their age, breed, and overall oral health condition. Here are some general guidelines:

• Puppies (under 1 year old): It's recommended to start brushing a puppy's teeth as early as possible to get them used to the brush, but it becomes more important when their permanent adult teeth start to come in, around 12 weeks of age. It's recommended to brush your puppy’s three times a week at minimum to get them accustomed to the process¹.

• Adult Dogs (~1-7 years old): For most adult dogs, brushing their teeth at least 3 times per week is ideal to help prevent tartar build-up. However, it’s best if you can make it a part of your daily routine, brushing your dog’s teeth twice a day to remove plaque¹.

• Senior Dogs (~7 years and older): As dogs age, they become more susceptible to dental problems like tartar buildup, gum disease, and tooth loss, especially if they have not been maintained since puppyhood. For senior dogs, twice-daily brushing or at least 4-5 times per week is recommended to maintain good oral health.

• Small Breed Dogs: Small breed dogs, especially ones with short faces and noses, like Pugs, French Bulldogs and Shih Tzus may need more frequent cleaning and care, due to crowding of their teeth, giving bacteria and plaque more areas to accumulate.

It's essential to monitor your dog's teeth and gums regularly for signs of dental issues, such as bad breath, yellow or brown buildup on the teeth, red or swollen gums, or difficulty chewing. If you notice any of these signs, increase the frequency of brushing and consult your veterinarian for professional cleaning and examination. Remember, every dog is different, and your veterinarian can provide personalized recommendations based on your pet's specific needs and oral health condition.

Supplies Needed for Cleaning Your Dog's Teeth at Home

To effectively clean your dog's teeth at home, you'll need a few essential supplies:

• Dog-Safe Toothpaste: Never use human toothpaste or baking soda to brush your dog’s teeth, as they contain ingredients that can be harmful if swallowed. Look for toothpaste formulated specifically for dogs, which is typically enzymatic and comes in pet-friendly flavors like poultry or peanut butter.

• Soft-Bristled Toothbrush: A soft-bristled toothbrush designed for dogs is ideal for gently brushing their teeth without causing discomfort or irritation. You can find these at most pet stores or online retailers. Alternatively, you can use a finger brush or a piece of gauze wrapped around your finger.

• Water Bowl: Have a fresh water bowl nearby to offer your dog water after brushing their teeth. This will help rinse away any remaining toothpaste or debris.

• Treats and Praise: Positive reinforcement is crucial when introducing your dog to teeth cleaning. Have some of their favorite treats on hand to reward them for good behavior and cooperation.

With these supplies readily available, you'll be equipped to establish a regular teeth cleaning routine for your furry friend, helping promote oral hygiene and overall health.

Step-by-Step Guide on How to Clean a Dog’s Teeth

Brushing your dog's teeth is the most effective way to remove plaque and help prevent tartar buildup, which can lead to dental issues like gum disease and tooth loss. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you brush your dog's teeth effectively:

1. Introduce Brushing Gradually: Start by letting your dog sniff and lick a dog-safe toothpaste to get them accustomed to the taste and smell. For young puppies or nervous dogs, this step may need to be repeated a few times to make them more comfortable before trying to brush.

2. Choose the Right Toothbrush: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush designed specifically for dogs. These brushes have angled heads and smaller bristles that can reach the back teeth and gum lines more effectively.

3. Position Your Dog Comfortably: Place your dog on a non-slip surface and position yourself at their side. Gently lift their lip to expose their teeth and gums.

4. Brush in a Circular Motion: Apply a small amount of dog-safe toothpaste to the toothbrush. Gently brush the outer surfaces of your dog's teeth using circular motions, focusing on the canines and larger teeth inside of your dog’s cheek. Only attempt the inside surfaces if your dog is cooperative, as most plaque accumulates on the outside of the teeth¹.

5. Reward and Praise: After brushing, reward your dog with a treat and plenty of praise to reinforce the positive experience.

Remember, it's essential to be patient and make brushing a positive experience for your dog. Start slowly, and gradually increase the duration and intensity of the brushing sessions as your dog becomes more comfortable with the process.

Alternative Methods for Cleaning Your Dog's Teeth

While brushing your dog's teeth is the most effective way to maintain good oral hygiene, there are other methods you can use to supplement your brushing routine or provide additional cleaning benefits. Here are some alternative methods for keeping your dog's teeth clean:

Dental Treats and Chews

Look for treats and chews that are specifically designed to help remove plaque and tartar buildup. These products often contain ingredients like enzymes, abrasives, or unique textures that scrape away debris as your dog chews. Always supervise your dog when giving them dental treats and chews to prevent choking hazards.

Dental Wipes

Dental wipes are pre-moistened pads with special products, that you can use to wipe down your dog's teeth and gums. They can help remove plaque and freshen breath, but they are not a substitute for regular brushing.

Water Additives

There are water additives available that contain enzymes or antimicrobial agents that can help reduce plaque and tartar buildup when added to your dog's drinking water. These additives work by breaking down plaque, preventing it from adhering to your dog's teeth and reducing the number of bacteria in the mouth.

Professional Dental Cleanings

Even with regular at-home care, it's still recommended to have your dog's teeth professionally cleaned at the veterinarian's office. Make sure you’re getting yearly dental checkups to assess your pet’s oral health and schedule a full cleaning if needed.

During a professional cleaning, your dog's teeth will be scaled to remove any hardened tartar. They will also take X-rays to ensure the roots of all teeth look healthy! Teeth are like icebergs, just because we see a portion doesn’t meant there isn't more below the surface that must be considered.

Steer clear of “gentle dentals” which are performed without anesthesia. These are not as thorough as a professional veterinary scaling and come with additional risks.

While these alternative methods can be helpful, they should not replace regular brushing. Brushing your dog's teeth remains the most effective, daily method to remove plaque and help prevent dental problems. However, incorporating these additional methods can provide extra support in maintaining your dog's oral health.

Signs of Dental Problems in Dogs

Keep in mind that your dog may show no signs of dental disease, so it’s important to have your vet perform regular dental health examinations. One of the most obvious signs of dental issues in dogs is persistent bad breath or halitosis².

While some level of doggy breath is normal, an extremely foul odor coming from your pup's mouth could indicate a buildup of plaque, tartar, or even an infection.

Go! Solutions TeamA Team of Dedicated Pet Parents + Nutrition Experts

Discolored teeth, especially yellowing or browning, can also be a red flag for dental problems. Another common sign to watch out for is difficulty chewing or reluctance to eat hard foods or treats. If your dog seems to be favoring one side of their mouth or dropping food, it could be a sign of dental pain or loose teeth². You may also notice excessive drooling, which can be a sign of mouth discomfort². If your dog is pawing at their mouth, rubbing their face on the ground, or displaying other signs of oral discomfort, it's time to have their teeth checked by a veterinarian.

Bleeding gums, swelling around the mouth or jaw, and visible tartar buildup are also indicators that professional dental care is needed. While some dental issues may seem minor, it's essential to address them promptly. Dental problems in dogs can lead to more severe issues, such as tooth loss, gum disease, and even systemic infections if left untreated. If you notice any concerning signs, don't hesitate to schedule an appointment with your veterinarian for a thorough dental examination and professional cleaning.